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drishti ias current affairs magazines Published this article page no 65 They found that the physics underlying paint jets when excited on a speaker is analogous to the solar plasma jets. When a liquid is placed above a speaker and the music is turned on the free surface of the liquid becomes unstable beyond a particular frequency and starts vibrating. The researchers realized that the physics underlying these paint jets must be analogous to the solar plasma jets. The scientists elaborated that the plasma right below the visible solar surface (photosphere) is perpetually in a state of convection much like boiling water in a vessel heated at the bottom. This is ultimately powered by the nuclear energy released in the hotdense core. The convection serves almost periodic but there are strong kicks to the plasma in the solar chromosphere. The chromosphere is 500 times lighter than the plasma in the photosphere. Therefore these strong kicks from the bottom shoot the chromospheric plasma outward at ultrasonic speeds in the form of thin columns or spicules. InstaLinks Prelims Link 1. About Suns Surface. 2. Nuclear fusion energy. 3. Chromosphere. 4. Solar flares. 5. Suns corona. 4. Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) Context The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is all geared up for the maiden flight of its mini rocket launcher – Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) – in May. About the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) The indigenously developed minirocketlauncher is specially designed to carry smaller commercial satellites into the lowearth orbit (LEO) from 2002000 km above the Earths surface. It has a payload capacity of upto 500 kg drishti ias current affairs magazines buy.

drishti ias current affairs magazines

drishti ias current affairs magazines Published this article page no 64 They turn off some instruments. They collect data from others and store it. In some cases they continue sending data to Earth knowing that some data will be lost. No one attempts to send new instructions to Mars during solar conjunction. Did you know about the Great Conjunction? Astronomers use the term great conjunction to describe meetings of the two biggest worlds in the solar system Jupiter and Saturn. It happens about every 20 years. The conjunction is the result of the orbital paths of Jupiter and Saturn coming into line as viewed from Earth. Jupiter orbits the sun about every 12 years and Saturn about every 29 years. Recently the conjunction occurred on 21st December 2020 the date of the December solstice. It was the closest alignment of Saturn and Jupiter since 1623 in terms of distance. The next time the planets will be this close is 2080. Scientists have unravelled the science behind the jets of plasma the fourth state of matter consisting of electrically charged particles that occur just about everywhere in the suns chromosphere which is the atmospheric layer just above the Suns visible surface. What are the jets of plasma? The jets or spicules appear as thin grasslike plasma structures that constantly shoot up from the surface and are then brought down by gravity. 144 The amount of energy and momentum that these spicules can carry is of fundamental interest in solar and plasma astrophysics. How they are formed? What are the recent findings? Astronomers at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics conducted an experiment to understand the science behind this drishti ias current affairs magazines buy.

drishti ias current affairs magazines

drishti ias current affairs magazines Published this article page no 63 5. In 2009 it began a new series of robotic lunar missions with the launch of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) and the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS). 6. In 2011 NASA began the ARTEMIS. 7. In 2012 the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) spacecraft studied the Moons gravity. 8. Apart from the USA the European Space Agency Japan China and India have sent missions to explore the Moon. China landed two rovers on the surface which includes the firstever landing on the Moons far side in 2019. Insta Curious On 20th July 1969 Neil Armstrong along with Edwin Buzz Aldrin became the first human to step on the Moon as part of the Apollo 11 mission. Insta Links Prelims Link 1. Names of various craters and their locations on the moon. 2. Manned missions to the Moon so far. 3. Indias missions to the moon. Mains Link Write a note on NASAs Artemis program. 2. Solar conjunction event Context A team of scientists from different units of ISRO used Sband radio signals from Mangalyaan the Indian Mars orbiter to study the solar corona and locate the area of the sun where the temperature rises abruptly. The details are yet to be published. Significance of the study The scientists utilised the solar conjunction event when the Earth and Mars are on the opposite sides of the Sun. During conjunction events which happens once in two years for Mars the radio signals from Mangalyaan pass through the solar corona — about 10 solar radii or about 6957000 km from the centre of the Sun. This provides scientists a unique opportunity to study solar dynamics. Each solar radii is about 695700 km. What is Solar Conjunction? It is the period when Earth and Mars in their eternal march around the Sun are obscured from each other by the fiery orb of the Sun itself. The two planets are temporarily invisible to each other like dancers on either side of a huge bonfire. Solar conjunction occurs every two years. How will it impact space missions? Mission controllers at NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory respond in a variety of ways. Before solar conjunction the mission team sends up any necessary commands drishti ias current affairs magazines buy.

Saturday, June 25, 2022

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meri saheli magazine subscription Published this article page no 43 Why is it called a bomb? Most cyclones dont intensify rapidly in this way. Bomb cyclones put forecasters on high alert because they can produce significant harmful impacts. Things you should know about a bomb cycloneOccurs over midlatitudes.Have cold air and fronts.Form during winter. What exactly is a polar vortex? It is described as a whirling cone of low pressure over the poles that is strongest in the winter months due to the increased temperature contrast between the polar regions and the midlatitudes such as the US and Europe. 20 FeaturesThe polar vortex spins in the stratosphere.Usually it forms a wall that protects the midlatitudes from cold Arctic air.When the vortex weakens the stratosphere warms sharply in an event known as sudden stratospheric warming in just a few days miles above the Earths surface.The warming weakens the polar vortex shifting its location somewhat south of the pole or in some instances splitting the vortex up into sister vortices. What are Karewas? Context In the name of development Kashmirs highly fertile alluvial soil deposits called karewas are being destroyed.Despite its agricultural and archaeological importance karewas are now being excavated to be used in construction. What are Karewas? In the Kashmiri dialect the term Karewa means elevated table land.Firstly this term was used by Godwin Austin in 1859 and later on by Lydekker in 1878 for unconsolidated to semiconsolidated sand clay conglomerate sequence.Vudr is the local name for Karewas in Kashmiri language. Karewas are the thick deposits of glacial clay and other materials embedded with moraines. These are unconsolidated lacustrine deposits. Lacustrine means associated with lakes. How were they formed in Kashmir valley?Kashmir valley resides between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal ranges of the Kashmir Himalayas. In earlier times when the upliftment of the Pir Panjal ranges happened the flow of the river had stopped.As a result the whole of Kashmir valley became a large lake. Slowly the glacial deposits have accumulated here in this lake. Thus creating a large lacustrine plain.Later on the water drained away and these unconsolidated deposits remained there. These unconsolidated gravel and mud deposits are known as Karewa formation. Economic significance of Karewas Karewa deposits have different soil and sediments such as sand clay silt shale mud lignite and losses. Hence these are very useful for agricultural and horticulture activities.Karewa formations are useful for the cultivation of Zafran. Zafran is a local variety of Saffron in Kashmir valley. These are also important for the cultivation of almond walnut apple and orchards meri saheli magazine subscription buy.

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meri saheli magazine subscription Published this article page no 42 Swachh Bharat Mission Context According to the parliamentary standing committee report on water resourcesOnly 12% of the villages that were supposed to get infrastructure for liquid waste management this year have achieved their goal under the second phase of the Swacch Bharat Mission.The implementation of solid waste management infrastructure also lagged behind with only 22% of target villages covered during 202122 until February 7. Background In its first phase the Swacch Bharat Mission aimed to provide a toilet in every rural household and claimed to have achieved its goal in 2019. Swachh Bharat MissionUrban 2.0 (SBMU)To make all cities 100% garbage free from current 70%.Ensure grey and black water management in all cities other than those covered under AMRUT.Make all urban local bodies as ODF+ and those with a population of less than 1 lakh as ODF++.Focus on source segregation of solid waste by utilizing the principles of 3Rs (Reduce Reuse Recycle).Scientific processing of all types of municipal solid waste and remediation of legacy dumpsites for effective solid waste management. 19 Insta Curious Do you know how women contribute to the success of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan? Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes Tsunami Volcanic activity cyclone etc. geographical features and their location changes in critical geographical features (including waterbodies and icecaps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes. 1. Another bomb cyclone over the North Atlantic Context Another violent bomb cyclone is grazing north just west of Ireland and UK with violent hurricane winds and major waves.Thanks to still a very powerful southern lobe of the Polar Vortex aloft the North Atlantic is yet to produce more dangerous storms this week. What is a Bomb Cyclone? Bombogenesis is the technical term. Bomb cyclone is a shortened version of it.It is a midlatitude cyclone that intensifies rapidly.It has low pressure at its center weather fronts and an array of associated weather from blizzards to severe thunderstorms to heavy precipitation. Generally a bomb cyclone happens when atmospheric pressure in the middle of the storm drops at least 24 millibars over 24 hours quickly increasing in intensity. The lower the pressure the stronger the storm meri saheli magazine subscription buy.

Thursday, June 23, 2022

world focus magazine subscription

world focus magazine subscription Published this article page no 14 NORD STREAM 2 PIPELINERecently the Nord Stream 2 (NS2) which is running across Russia to Germany is now completed.NS2 is a new export gas pipeline running from Russia to Europe across the Baltic Sea. o NS2s construction began in 2018 and is being implemented by the Nord Stream 2 AG project company.The decision to build Nord Steam 2 was based on the successful experience in building and operating the Nord Stream gas pipeline. o The new pipeline like the one in operation will establish a direct link between Gazprom and the European consumers.Significance of NS2 Pipeline o Economical and Environmentfriendly The 1224 km $11billion underwater link is the shortest most economical and environmentfriendly route to double Russias gas export to Germany. o Energy security to europe It will also ensure a highly reliable supply of Russian gas to Europe. 18NS2 is particularly important as Europe sees a decline in domestic gas production and an increasing demand for imported gas. o Offers stability in region The pipeline offers stability to the strategically important energy trade because Russias dependence on the European Union and viceversa are increased.Issues with NS2 o Impact several eastern European countries Many countries in Eastern Europe such as Poland Slovakia and Ukraine oppose Nord Stream 2 partially because of expectations of a loss of transit fees and partially because of fears that their economic and physical security would be jeopardised were the project to be completed. o US Sanctions in Allied Countries During the Cold War Western companies that violated the Western sanctions on technology supplies to the Soviet Bloc were frequently sanctioned. 19 About Bretton Woods ConferenceIt was conceived in July 1944 when delegates from fortyfour nations (met at Bretton Woods New Hampshire) agreed on a framework for international economic cooperation to be established after the Second World War.Aim was to agree on a system of economic order and international cooperation that would help countries recover from the devastation of the war and foster longterm global growth.This system advocated the adoption of an exchange standard that included both gold and foreign exchanges.At its conclusion the conference attendees produced the Articles of Agreement for the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and IMF world focus magazine subscription buy.

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world focus magazine subscription Published this article page no 13 Softdiplomacy approach In contrast to Chinas images as a coerciveassertive hegemon debttrap diplomacy and rising antiChina sentiments amongst the population of the region India can use its soft diplomacy to take the opportunities presented in the region. Conclusion With the actualization of the BRI Indias Connect Central Asia policy and the EUs new Central Asia strategy the 21st century could possibly be the most decisive period for the region. Stemming from its historic cultural and economic bonds India is now well placed to take a more active role in the development of the region. . UNITED NATIONS HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL (UNHRC)India was reelected to the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) for the 202224 term. o Indias current term was set to end on December 31 2021.The UNHRC consists of 47 Member States elected directly and individually by secret ballot by the majority of the members of the General Assembly. o The members of the Council shall serve for a period of three years and shall not be eligible for immediate reelection after two consecutive terms world focus magazine subscription buy.

Monday, June 20, 2022

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grihalakshmi magazine subscription published this article page no 99 handheld thermal imagers have been provided to indian security forces and being used everywhere including manning the international border (ib) and the line of control (loc). about unscit is one of the six principal organs of the united nations (un).its primary responsibility is maintenance of international peace and security.it has 15 members ten elected members and five permanent memberschina the united states france the united kingdom and the russian federation. each member has one vote but permanent members have the power to veto any substantive resolution. 48 o because russia is one of the councils five vetowielding permanent members its negative vote blocked passage. need of the resolutioninterlinkage between climate change and security climate is creating security risks in the world (see infographic) which will exacerbate in the future with water shortage migration and a destruction of livelihoods. o for example people and countries most vulnerable to climate change also are most vulnerable to terrorist recruitment and violence.progress of unfccc conferences is slow and outcomes are inadequate leading to demand of faster collective action to tackle climate change and associated challenges.unsc already has tools to address climate change within its mandate it is the principal organ of the united nations responsible for international security and can ensure that the security impacts of climate change are integrated into the critical work of peacekeeping peacebuilding and humanitarian response. concerns regarding resolutionviewing conflicts through the prism of climate change is misleading and an oversimplification while climate change has the potential to impact peace and security the nexus between the two is complex. this diverts the attention from genuine deeprooted reasons for conflict in some countries. o for instance other factors such as environmental degradation food shortages and unfair distribution of resources are most likely to lead to tension and conflict.climate change lies outside the ambit of unsc unscs primary responsibility is maintenance of international peace and security and climate changerelated issues are outside its ambit. all matters related to climate change are being discussed in the un framework convention on climate change (unfccc) a specialised agency grihalakshmi magazine subscription buy.

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grihalakshmi magazine subscription published this article page no 100 lake of participative approach bringing the issue under the unsc may give more powers to the worlds industrialised countries which hold a veto power to decide on future action on climaterelated security issues unlike unfccc where decisions are made are by consensus. way forwardunfccc can expand the scope of discussions to include climaterelated security issues.international community must provide stronger support to climate change adaptation in developing countries including through investments in capacitybuilding at all levels.enhance global efforts to ensure the sustainable and equitable development of all countries notably through developed countries meeting their international commitments on development assistance.anticipate and prepare to address unprecedented challenges posed by climate change like e possibility of large numbers of persons displaced across borders by climate change prospect of statelessness of citizens of submerged island nations drastic reduction in water availability etc.improve the flow of information and sharing of assessments particularly on early warning between different regional and international organizations grihalakshmi magazine subscription buy.