chemistry today magazine

chemistry today magazine

chemistry today magazine Published this article page no 82  Diversified Opportunities in Coal Sector (Investment Rs. 50000 crore) o Coal GasificationLiquefaction will be incentivised through rebate in revenue share.  This will result in significantly lower environment impact as gasified and liquefied coals are cleaner fuels compared to coal and will also assist India in switching to a gas based economy. o Investment of Rs. 50000 crore in Infrastructure development to achieve the enhanced Coal India Limited (CIL)s target of 1 billion tonnes coal production by 202324 in a sustainable manner.  Liberalization of Coal Sector o Coal Bed Methane (CBM) extraction rights will be auctioned from Coal India Limiteds (CIL) coal mines. o Ease of doing business measures such as Mining Plan simplification will be taken. e.g. to allow for automatic 40% increase in annual production.  Concessions in commercial terms given to CILs consumers o Reserve price in auctions for nonpower consumers has been reduced credit terms have been eased and lifting period has been enhanced.  The reserve price is the lowest price at which a seller is willing to sell an item. If at the close of auction the bidders have not met the reserve price the seller is not obligated to sell. Mineral  Enhancing Private Investments in the Mineral Sector by o Introduction of a seamless composite explorationcumminingcumproduction regime. o 500 new mining blocks would be offered through an open and transparent auction process. o Introduction of a new mechanism for joint auction of Bauxite and Coal mineral blocks to enhance competitiveness of Aluminium Industry. This will help aluminium industry in reduction of electricity costs chemistry today magazine buy. 

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knowledge questions magazine

knowledge questions magazine

knowledge questions magazine Published this article page no  104 Kezoltsa (also called KozuruKazing) is not a part of Dzukou Valley but has become a flashpoint in recent times with both the Marams and Maos claiming it belongs to Manipurs Senapati district.  The Angamis say it is part of the Angami tribal ancestral land and was unfairly made a part of Manipur by the British in the colonial era. What next? The claim that the entire Dzukou Valley belongs to Nagaland is made by Southern Angami Public Organisation not by the Nagaland state.  If the need arose the Centre may play the part of mediator in resolving the issue.  Assam and Meghalaya have partially resolved a 50yearold border dispute in six of the 12 sectors along their 885km boundary.  Both states signed a historic agreement for a closure in six disputed sectors that were taken up for resolution in the first phase. The six disputed sectors are Tarabari Gizang Hahim Boklapara KhanaparaPillangkata and Ratacherra under the Kamrup Kamrup (Metro) and Cachar districts of Assam and the West Khasi Hills RiBhoi and East Jaintia Hills districts of Meghalaya. Whats the dispute? Assam and Meghalaya share an 885kmlong border. Meghalaya was carved out of Assam under the Assam Reorganisation Act 1971 a law that it challenged leading to disputes.  As of now there are 12 points of dispute along their borders. These include the areas of Upper Tarabari Gazang reserve forest Hahim Langpih Borduar Boklapara Nongwah Matamur KhanaparaPilangkata Deshdemoreah Block I and Block II Khanduli and Retacherra. Langpih A major point of contention between Assam and Meghalaya is the district of Langpih in West Garo Hills bordering the Kamrup district of Assam knowledge questions magazine buy.  

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drishti ias current affairs magazines

drishti ias current affairs magazines 

drishti ias current affairs magazines  Published this article page no  65 They found that the physics underlying paint jets when excited on a speaker is analogous to the solar plasma jets.  When a liquid is placed above a speaker and the music is turned on the free surface of the liquid becomes unstable beyond a particular frequency and starts vibrating. The researchers realized that the physics underlying these paint jets must be analogous to the solar plasma jets. The scientists elaborated that the plasma right below the visible solar surface (photosphere) is perpetually in a state of convection much like boiling water in a vessel heated at the bottom.  This is ultimately powered by the nuclear energy released in the hotdense core. The convection serves almost periodic but there are strong kicks to the plasma in the solar chromosphere.  The chromosphere is 500 times lighter than the plasma in the photosphere. Therefore these strong kicks from the bottom shoot the chromospheric plasma outward at ultrasonic speeds in the form of thin columns or spicules. InstaLinks Prelims Link 1. About Suns Surface. 2. Nuclear fusion energy. 3. Chromosphere. 4. Solar flares. 5. Suns corona. 4. Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) Context The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is all geared up for the maiden flight of its mini rocket launcher – Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) – in May. About the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV)  The indigenously developed minirocketlauncher is specially designed to carry smaller commercial satellites into the lowearth orbit (LEO) from 2002000 km above the Earths surface.  It has a payload capacity of upto 500 kg drishti ias current affairs magazines buy.  

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drishti ias current affairs magazines 

drishti ias current affairs magazines  Published this article page no  64 They turn off some instruments. They collect data from others and store it.  In some cases they continue sending data to Earth knowing that some data will be lost.  No one attempts to send new instructions to Mars during solar conjunction. Did you know about the Great Conjunction? Astronomers use the term great conjunction to describe meetings of the two biggest worlds in the solar system Jupiter and Saturn.  It happens about every 20 years.  The conjunction is the result of the orbital paths of Jupiter and Saturn coming into line as viewed from Earth.  Jupiter orbits the sun about every 12 years and Saturn about every 29 years.  Recently the conjunction occurred on 21st December 2020 the date of the December solstice. It was the closest alignment of Saturn and Jupiter since 1623 in terms of distance. The next time the planets will be this close is 2080.  Scientists have unravelled the science behind the jets of plasma  the fourth state of matter consisting of electrically charged particles that occur just about everywhere in the suns chromosphere which is the atmospheric layer just above the Suns visible surface. What are the jets of plasma? The jets or spicules appear as thin grasslike plasma structures that constantly shoot up from the surface and are then brought down by gravity.  144  The amount of energy and momentum that these spicules can carry is of fundamental interest in solar and plasma astrophysics. How they are formed? What are the recent findings? Astronomers at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics conducted an experiment to understand the science behind this drishti ias current affairs magazines buy.  

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drishti ias current affairs magazines

drishti ias current affairs magazines  Published this article page no  63 5. In 2009 it began a new series of robotic lunar missions with the launch of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) and the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS). 6. In 2011 NASA began the ARTEMIS. 7. In 2012 the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) spacecraft studied the Moons gravity. 8. Apart from the USA the European Space Agency Japan China and India have sent missions to explore the Moon. China landed two rovers on the surface which includes the firstever landing on the Moons far side in 2019. Insta Curious On 20th July 1969 Neil Armstrong along with Edwin Buzz Aldrin became the first human to step on the Moon as part of the Apollo 11 mission. Insta Links Prelims Link 1. Names of various craters and their locations on the moon. 2. Manned missions to the Moon so far. 3. Indias missions to the moon. Mains Link Write a note on NASAs Artemis program. 2. Solar conjunction event Context A team of scientists from different units of ISRO used Sband radio signals from Mangalyaan the Indian Mars orbiter to study the solar corona and locate the area of the sun where the temperature rises abruptly.  The details are yet to be published. Significance of the study  The scientists utilised the solar conjunction event when the Earth and Mars are on the opposite sides of the Sun.  During conjunction events which happens once in two years for Mars the radio signals from Mangalyaan pass through the solar corona — about 10 solar radii or about 6957000 km from the centre of the Sun.  This provides scientists a unique opportunity to study solar dynamics. Each solar radii is about 695700 km. What is Solar Conjunction? It is the period when Earth and Mars in their eternal march around the Sun are obscured from each other by the fiery orb of the Sun itself.  The two planets are temporarily invisible to each other like dancers on either side of a huge bonfire.  Solar conjunction occurs every two years. How will it impact space missions? Mission controllers at NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory respond in a variety of ways.  Before solar conjunction the mission team sends up any necessary commands drishti ias current affairs magazines buy. 

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meri saheli magazine subscription

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meri saheli magazine subscription  Published this article page no  43 Why is it called a bomb? Most cyclones dont intensify rapidly in this way. Bomb cyclones put forecasters on high alert because they can produce significant harmful impacts. Things you should know about a bomb cycloneOccurs over midlatitudes.Have cold air and fronts.Form during winter. What exactly is a polar vortex? It is described as a whirling cone of low pressure over the poles that is strongest in the winter months due to the increased temperature contrast between the polar regions and the midlatitudes such as the US and Europe.  20 FeaturesThe polar vortex spins in the stratosphere.Usually it forms a wall that protects the midlatitudes from cold Arctic air.When the vortex weakens the stratosphere warms sharply in an event known as sudden stratospheric warming in just a few days miles above the Earths surface.The warming weakens the polar vortex shifting its location somewhat south of the pole or in some instances splitting the vortex up into sister vortices.  What are Karewas? Context In the name of development Kashmirs highly fertile alluvial soil deposits called karewas are being destroyed.Despite its agricultural and archaeological importance karewas are now being excavated to be used in construction. What are Karewas? In the Kashmiri dialect the term Karewa means elevated table land.Firstly this term was used by Godwin Austin in 1859 and later on by Lydekker in 1878 for unconsolidated to semiconsolidated sand clay conglomerate sequence.Vudr is the local name for Karewas in Kashmiri language. Karewas are the thick deposits of glacial clay and other materials embedded with moraines. These are unconsolidated lacustrine deposits. Lacustrine means associated with lakes. How were they formed in Kashmir valley?Kashmir valley resides between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal ranges of the Kashmir Himalayas. In earlier times when the upliftment of the Pir Panjal ranges happened the flow of the river had stopped.As a result the whole of Kashmir valley became a large lake. Slowly the glacial deposits have accumulated here in this lake. Thus creating a large lacustrine plain.Later on the water drained away and these unconsolidated deposits remained there. These unconsolidated gravel and mud deposits are known as Karewa formation. Economic significance of Karewas  Karewa deposits have different soil and sediments such as sand clay silt shale mud lignite and losses. Hence these are very useful for agricultural and horticulture activities.Karewa formations are useful for the cultivation of Zafran. Zafran is a local variety of Saffron in Kashmir valley. These are also important for the cultivation of almond walnut apple and orchards meri saheli magazine subscription buy.

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meri saheli magazine subscription  Published this article page no  42 Swachh Bharat Mission Context According to the parliamentary standing committee report on water resourcesOnly 12% of the villages that were supposed to get infrastructure for liquid waste management this year have achieved their goal under the second phase of the Swacch Bharat Mission.The implementation of solid waste management infrastructure also lagged behind with only 22% of target villages covered during 202122 until February 7. Background In its first phase the Swacch Bharat Mission aimed to provide a toilet in every rural household and claimed to have achieved its goal in 2019. Swachh Bharat MissionUrban 2.0 (SBMU)To make all cities 100% garbage free from current 70%.Ensure grey and black water management in all cities other than those covered under AMRUT.Make all urban local bodies as ODF+ and those with a population of less than 1 lakh as ODF++.Focus on source segregation of solid waste by utilizing the principles of 3Rs (Reduce Reuse Recycle).Scientific processing of all types of municipal solid waste and remediation of legacy dumpsites for effective solid waste management.  19 Insta Curious Do you know how women contribute to the success of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan? Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes Tsunami Volcanic activity cyclone etc. geographical features and their location changes in critical geographical features (including waterbodies and icecaps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes. 1. Another bomb cyclone over the North Atlantic Context Another violent bomb cyclone is grazing north just west of Ireland and UK with violent hurricane winds and major waves.Thanks to still a very powerful southern lobe of the Polar Vortex aloft the North Atlantic is yet to produce more dangerous storms this week. What is a Bomb Cyclone? Bombogenesis is the technical term. Bomb cyclone is a shortened version of it.It is a midlatitude cyclone that intensifies rapidly.It has low pressure at its center weather fronts and an array of associated weather from blizzards to severe thunderstorms to heavy precipitation. Generally a bomb cyclone happens when atmospheric pressure in the middle of the storm drops at least 24 millibars over 24 hours quickly increasing in intensity. The lower the pressure the stronger the storm meri saheli magazine subscription buy.

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